(13)    Clinics should be organized in small groups of preferably not more than 10 students so that a teacher can give personal attention to each student with a view to improve his skill and competence in handling of the patients. 
(14)    Proper records of the work should be maintained which will form the basis for the students' internal assessment and should be available to the inspectors at the time of inspection of the college by the Medical Council of India. 
(15)    Maximal efforts have to be made to encourage integrated teaching between traditional subject areas using a problem based learning approach starting with clinical or community cases and exploring the relevance of various preclinical disciplines in both understanding and resolution of the problem. Every attempt be made to de-emphasize compartmentalisation of disciplines so as to achieve both horizontal and vertical integration in different phases. 
(16)    Every attempt is to be made to encourage students to participate in group discussions and seminars to enable them to develop personality, character, expression and other faculties which are necessary for a medical graduate to function either in solo practice or as a team leader when he begins his independent career. A discussion group should not have more than 20 students. 
(17)    Faculty member should avail of modern educational technology while teaching the students and to attain this objective, Medical Education Units/ Departments be established in all medical colleges for faculty development and providing learning resource material to teachers.
(18)    To derive maximum advantage out of this revised curriculum, the vacation period to students in one calendar year should not exceed one month, during the 4 ½ years Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) Course. 
(19)    In order to implement the revised curriculum in toto, State Govts. and Institution Bodies must ensure that adequate financial and technical inputs are provided. 

3.    OBJECTIVE OF MEDICAL GRADUATE TRAINING PROGRAMME: 

(1)    NATIONAL GOALS: At the end of undergraduate program, the medical student should be able to: 
(a)    Recognize `health for all' as a national goal and health right of all citizens and by undergoing training for medical profession fulfill his/her social obligations towards realization of this goal. 
(b)    learn every aspect of National policies on health and devote himself/herself to its practical implementation. 
(c)    achieve competence in practice of holistic medicine, encompassing  promotive, preventive, curative and  rehabilitative aspects of common diseases. 
(d)    Develop scientific temper, acquire educational experience for proficiency in profession and promote healthy living.

(2)  INSTITUTIONAL GOALS : (I) In consonance  with  the  national goals each   medical institution should evolve institutional goals to define the  kind of  trained manpower (or professionals) they intend  to  produce. The undergraduate students coming out of a medical institute should: 
(a)    Be competent in diagnosis and management of common health problems of the individual and the community, commensurate with his/her position as a member of the health team at the primary, secondary or tertiary levels, using his/her clinical skills based on history, physical examination and relevant investigations. 
(b)    Be competent to practice preventive, promotive, curative and   rehabilitative medicine in respect to the commonly encountered health problems. 
(c)    Appreciate rationale for different therapeutic modalities, be familiar with the administration of the "essential drugs" and their common side effects. 
(d)    Be able to appreciate the socio-psychological, cultural, economic and environmental factors affecting health and develop humane attitude towards the patients in discharging one's professional responsibilities. 
(e)    Possess the attitude for continued self-learning and to seek further expertise or to pursue research in any chosen area of medicine.
(f)    Be familiar with the basic factors which are essential for the implementation of the National Health Programmes including practical aspects of the following: 
(i)    Family Welfare and Material and Child Health(MCH) 
(ii)    Sanitation and water supply 
(iii)    Prevention and control of communicable and non-communicable diseases 
(iv)    Immunization 
(v)    Health Education 
(g)    Acquire basic management skills in the area of human resources, materials and resource management related to health care delivery. 
(h)    Be able to identify community health problems and learn to work to resolve these by designing, instituting corrective steps and evaluating outcome of such measures. 
(i)    Be able to work as a leading partner in health care teams and acquire proficiency in communication skills. 
(j)    Be competent to work in a variety of health care settings. 
(j)    Have personal characteristics and attitudes required for professional life   such as personal integrity, sense of responsibility and dependability and ability to relate to or show concern for other individuals. 
(II)    All efforts must be made to equip the medical graduate to acquire the skills as detailed in APPENDIX B.

ADMISSION, SELECTION, MIGRATION AND TRAINING: -

4.Admission to the Medical Course – Eligibility Criteria : No Candidates shall be allowed to be admitted to the Medical Curriculum of first Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) Course until :

He/She shall complete the age of 17 years on or before 31st December, of the year admission to the MBBS course. He/She has passed qualifying examination as under: - a) The higher secondary examination or the Indian School Certificate Examination which is equivalent to 10+2 Higher Secondary Examination after a period of 12 years study, the last two years of study comprising of physics, Chemistry, Biology and Mathematics or any other elective subjects with English at a level not less than core course of English as prescribed by the National Council of Educational Research and Training after the introduction of the 10+2+3 years educational structure as recommended by the National Committee on education.

Note: Where the course content is not as prescribed for 10+2 education structure of the National Committee, the candidates will have to undergo a period of one year pre-professional training before admission to the Medical colleges;

Or
b) The intermediate examination in science of an Indian University/Board or other recognised examining body with Physics, Chemistry and Biology which shall include a practical test in these subjects and also English as a compulsory subject.

Or
c) The pre-professional/pre-medical examination with Physics, Chemistry and Biology, after passing either the higher secondary school examination, or the pre-university or an equivalent Examination. The pre0-professional/pre-medical examination shall include a practical test in Physics, Chemistry and Biology and also English as a compulsory subject.

Or
d) The first year of the three years degree course of a recognized university, with Physics, chemistry and Biology including a practical test in three subjects provided the examination is a "University Examination" and candidate has passed 10+2 with English at a level not less than a core course.

Or
e) B.Sc. examination of an Indian University, provided that he/she has passed the B.Sc. examination with not less than two of the following subjects Physics, Chemistry, Biology (Botany, Zoology) and further that he/she has passed the earlier qualifying examination with the following subjects – Physics, Chemistry, Biology and English.

Or
f) Any other examination which, in scope and standard is found to be equivalent to the intermediate science examination of an Indian University/Board, taking Physics, Chemistry and Biology including practical test in each of these subjects and English.

Note:

The pre-medical course may be conducted either at Medical College, or a science College. Marks obtained in Mathematics are not to be considered for admission to MBBS Course. After the 10+2 course is introduced, the integrated courses should be abolished.

Selection of Students:

The selection of students to medical college shall be based solely on merit of the candidate and for determination of the merit, the following criteria be adopted uniformly throughout the country:

In states, having only one Medical College and one university board/examining body conducting the qualifying examination, the marks obtained at such qualifying examination may be taken into consideration; In states, having more than one university/board/examining body conducting the qualifying examination (or where there is more than one medical college under the administrative control of one authority) a competitive entrance examination should be held so as to achieve a uniform evaluation as there may be variation of standards at qualifying examinations conducted by different agencies; Where there are more than one college in a state and only one university/board conducting the qualifying examination, then a joint selection board be constituted for all the colleges; A competitive entrance examination is absolutely necessary in the cases of Institution of All India character.

Procedure for selection to MBBS course shall be as follows:-

In case of admission on the basis of qualifying examination under clause (1) based on merit, candidate for admission to MBBS course must have passed in the subjects of Physics, Chemistry, Biology & English individually and must have obtained a minimum of 50% marks taken together in Physics, Chemistry and Biology at the qualifying examination as mentioned in the clause (2) of regulation 4. In respect of candidates belonging to Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes or Other Backward classes. The marks obtained in Physics, Chemistry and Biology taken together in qualifying examination be 40% instead of 50% as above. In case of admission of the basis of Competitive entrance examination under clause (2) to (4) of this regulation, a candidate must have passed in the subjects of Physics,. Chemistry, Biology and English individually and must have obtained a minimum of 50% of marks taken together in Physics Chemistry and Biology at the qualifying examination as mentioned in clause (2) of regulation 4 and in addition must have come in the merit list prepared as a result of such competitive entrance examination by securing not less then 50% marks in Physics, Chemistry and Biology competitive examination. In respect of candidates belonging to Schedule Caste, Schedule Tribes or other Backward Class the marks obtained in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology taken together in qualifying examination and competitive entrance examination be 40% instead of 50% as stated above. Provided that a candidate who has appeared in the qualifying examination the result of which has not been declared, he may be provisionally permitted to take up the competitive entrance examination and in case of selection for admission to the MBBS course, he shall not be admitted to that course until he fulfils the eligibility criteria under regulation 4.

Migration:

Note:1:

Note 2: * Compassionate grounds criteria:

Dear Web Surfer :- Please note

Complete application with all requisite documents to be made as per guidelines provided on the format which has been prepaid in view of regulations and policy decision in the matter
Migration of Mr./Miss ________________________________________ from __________________________________________Medical College, _______________________________to____________________________ Medical College ________________________________

Training Period and Time Distribution

Every student shall undergo a period of certified study extending over 4 ½ academic years divided into 9 semesters, (i.e. of 6 months each) from the date of commencement of his study for the subjects comprising the medical curriculum to the date of completion of examination and followed by one year compulsory rotating internship. Each semester will consist of approximately 120 teaching days of a hours each college working time, including one hour of lunch. The period of 4 1//2 years is divided into three phases as follows:-

(a) Phase-1 (two semesters) – consisting of Pre-clinical subjects (Human Anatomy, Physiology including Bio-Physics, Biochemistry and introduction to Community Medicine including Humanities). Besides 60 hours for introduction to Community Medicine including Humanities, rest of the time shall be somewhat equally divided between Anatomy and Physiology plus Biochemistry combined (Physiology 2/3 and Biochemistry 1/3)
(b) Phase-II (3 semesters) – consisting of para – clinical/clinical subjects.
During this phase teaching of para-clinical and clinical subjects shall be done concurrently.
The para-clinical subjects shall consist of Pathology, Pharmacology, Microbiology, Forensic Medicine including Toxicology and part of Community Medicine.
The clinical subjects shall consist of all these detailed below in Phase III.

Out of the time for Para-clinical teaching approximately equal time be allotted to Pathology, Pharmacology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine and Community Medicine combined (1/3 Forensic Medicine and 2/3 Community Medicine).

(c) Phase-III (continuation of study of clinical subjects for seven semesters after passing Phase-1)
The clinical subjects to be taught during Phase II and III are Medicine and its allied specialties, Surgery and its allied specialties, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Community Medicine.

Besides clinical posting as per schedule mentioned herewith, rest of the teaching hours be divided for didactic lectures, demonstrations, seminars, group discussions, etc. in various subjects.
The Medicine and its allied specialties training will include General Medicine, Pediatrics, Tuberculosis and Chest, Skin and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Psychiatry, Radio-diagnosis, Infectious diseases etc. The Surgery and its allied specialties training will include General Surgery, Orthopedics Surgery including Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, Anesthesia, Dentistry, Radio-therapy etc. The Obstetrics & Gynecology training will include family medicine, family welfare planning etc.

The first 2 semester (approximately 240 teaching days) shall be occupied in the Phase 1 (pre-clinical) subjects and introduction to a broader understanding of the perspectives of medical education leading to delivery of health care. No student shall be permitted to join the Phase II (Pare-clinical/clinical) group of subjects until he has passed in all the Phase 1 (Pre-clinical) subjects for which he will be permitted not more than four chances (actual examination), provided four chances are completed in three years from the date of enrollment. After passing pre-clinical subjects, 1 ½ year (3 semesters) shall be devoted to para-clinical subjects.

Phase II will be devoted to para-clinical and clinical subjects, along with clinical posting. During clinical phase (Phase III) pre-clinical and para clinical teaching will be integrated into the teaching of clinical subjects where relevant. Didactic lectures should not exceed one third of the time schedule; two third schedule should include practical, clinical or/and group discussions. Learning process should include living experiences, problem oriented approach, case studies and community health care activities. Universities shall organize admission timings and admission process in such a way that teaching in first semester starts by 1st of August each year. Supplementary examination may be conducted within 6 months so that the students who pass can join the main batch and the failed students will have to appear in the subsequent year.

Note :

Passing in 1st Professional is compulsory before proceeding to Phase II training. A students who fails in the IInd professional examination, shall not be allowed to appear in IIIrd Professional Part I examination unless he passes all subjects of IInd Professional examination. Passing in IIIrd Professional (Part I) examination is not compulsory before entering for 8th and 9th semester training, however passing of IIIrd Professional (Part I) is compulsory for being eligible for IIIrd Professional (Part II) examination.

During third to ninth semesters, clinical postings of three hours duration daily as specified in the Table is suggested for various departments, after Introductory Course in Clinical Methods in Medicine and Surgery of two weeks each for the whole class.

-            Clinical methods in Medicine and Surgery for whole class will be for 2 weeks each respectively at the start of 3rd semester 
*           This posting includes training in Radiodiagnosis and Radiotherapy where existant. 

**         This posting includes exposure to Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy. 

***        This  posting includes exposure to laboratory medicine and infectious diseases. 

****      This posting includes exposure to dressing and Anesthesia. 

*****     This includes maternity training and Family medicine and the 3rd semester posting shall be in Family Welfare Planning.

CHAPTER III 

CURRICULUM (SUBJECT-WISE) 

9.   Pre-clinical subjects - Phase I  :  In the teaching of these subjects stress shall be laid on  basic principles of the subjects with more emphasis on  their  applied aspects. 

(1)            HUMAN ANATOMY 

(i)         Goal 

The broad goal of the teaching of undergraduate students in Anatomy  aims at providing comprehensive knowledge of the gross and microscopic structure and development of human body to provide  a  basis for understanding the clinical  correlation of organs or structures involved and the anatomical basis  for the disease presentations. 

ii)  Objectives  : 

A)  Knowledge :

     At the end of the course the student should be able to 

a.    comprehend the normal disposition, clinically relevant interrelationships, functional and cross sectional anatomy of the various structures in the body. 

b.    identify the microscopic structure and correlate elementary ultra-structure  of various organs and tissues and correlate the structure with the functions as a prerequisite for understanding the altered state in various disease processes. 

c.    comprehend the basic structure and connections of the central nervous system to analyse the integrative and regulative functions of the organs and systems. He/She should be able to locate the site of gross lesions according to  the deficits encountered. 

d.    demonstrate knowledge of the basic principles and sequential development  of the organs and systems, recognise the critical stages of development and the effects of common teratogens, genetic mutations and environmental hazards. He/She should be able to explain the developmental basis of the major variations and abnormalities.

(B)  Skills   : 

     At the end of the course the student should be able to: 

(a)    identify and locate all the structures of the body and mark the topography of the living anatomy. 

(b)     identify the organs and tissues under the microscope. 

(c)    understand the principles of karyotyping and identify the gross congenital anomalies. 

(d)    understand principles of newer imaging techniques and interpretation of Computerised Tomography (CT) Scan, Sonogram etc. 

(e)    understand  clinical  basis  of  some   common   clinical procedures  i.e., intramuscular & intravenous injection, lumbar puncture and kidney biopsy etc. 

(C)   Integration 

From the integrated teaching of other basic sciences, student should be able  to  comprehend  the  regulation and integration of the functions of the organs and systems in the body and thus interpret the anatomical basis of disease process. 

(2)            HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY INCLUDING BIO-PHYSICS 

(A)       PHYSIOLOGY   

i)  GOAL 

  The broad goal of the teaching of undergraduate students in Physiology aims at providing the student comprehensive knowledge of the normal functions  of the organ systems of the body to facilitate an understanding of the physiological basis of  health and disease. 

ii) OBJECTIVES 

a) KNOWLEDGE 

     At the end of the course the student will be able to : 

(1)       explain the normal functioning of all the organ systems and their interactions for well coordinated total body function. 

(2)       assess the relative contribution of each organ system to the maintenance of the milieu interior. 

(3)       elucidate  the physiological aspects of normal growth and development. 

(4)       describe  the  physiological response and adaptations to environmental stresses. 

(5)        list the physiological principles underlying pathogenesis and treatment of disease. 

b)   SKILLS 

     At the end of the course the student should be able to : 

(1)  conduct experiments designed for  study  of  physiological phenomena. 

(2)   interpret experimental/investigative data. 

(3)   distinguish between normal and abnormal data derived as a result  of tests which he/she has performed and observed in the laboratory. 

c)  INTEGRATION 

At  the  end of the integrated teaching the  student should acquire an integrated knowledge of organ structure and  function and its regulatory mechanisms. 

(B)  BIOPHYSICS 

(a)  GOAL & OBJECTIVES :     The  broad  goal  of teaching  Biophysics  to  undergraduate students is that they should understand basic physical principles   involved in the functioning of body organs in normal and diseased conditions. 

Total time for teaching Biophysics                                 = 5 hours

Out of which : 1. Didactic lectures                                = 3 hours 

                    2. Tutorial/group discussion                      = 1 hour 

                    3. Practical                                            = 1 hour 

(b) Topic distribution 

(1)   Lectures  : 

(i)  Physical principles of transport across cell memberanes and across capillary wall. 

ii)  Biopotentials. 

iii)   Physical principles governing  flow of blood in  heart and blood vessels.  Also  physical  principles  governing flow  of  air  in  air passages. 

2.   Tutorial/group discussion:      On the topic covered in didactic lectures. 

3.   Practicals: 

     Demonstration of :    

     a) Biopotential on oscilloscope   
     b) Electro Encephalogram (EEG)
     c) Electro Myelogram (EMG)
     d) Electro Cardiogram (ECG) 

(3)  BIOCHEMISTRY

 Biochemistry   including   medical  physics  and   Molecular Biology.

i)     GOAL 

     The broad goal of the teaching of undergraduate students in biochemistry is to make them understand the scientific basis of the  life  processes at the molecular level and  to  orient  them towards  the  application of the knowledge  acquired  in  solving clinical problems.

ii)    OBJECTIVES 

a)    KNOWLEDGE 

At the end of the course, the student should be able to : 

(1) describe the molecular and functional organization of a cell and list its subcellular  components; 

(2) delineate  structure, function and  inter-relationships of biomolecules and consequences of deviation from normal; 

(3)  summarize the fundamental aspects of enzymology and clinical application wherein regulation of enzymatic activity is altered; 

(4) describe  digestion  and  assimilation  of  nutrients and consequences of malnutrition; 

(5) integrate  the  various aspects of  metabolism  and  their regulatory pathways; 

(6) explain the biochemical basis of inherited  disorders  with their associated sequelae; 

(7) describe mechanisms involved in maintenance of  body  fluid and pH homeostasis; 

(8) outline  the molecular mechanisms of gene  expression  and regulation,  the  principles of genetic   engineering  and  their application in medicine; 

(9) summarize the molecular concepts of body defence and  their application in medicine; 

(10) outline  the  biochemical  basis  of  environmental  health hazards, biochemical basis of cancer and carcinogenesis; 

(11) familiarize with the principles of various conventional and specialized   laboratory   investigations   and   instrumentation analysis and interpretation  of a given data;    

(12) the  ability to suggest experiments to support  theoretical concepts and clinical diagnosis. 

b.   SKILLS: 

     At the end of the course, the student should be able to : 

(1) make use of conventional techniques/instruments to  perform biochemical analysis relevant to clinical screening and diagnosis; 

(2) analyze and interpret investigative data; 

(3) demonstrate the skills of solving scientific  and  clinical problems and decision making; 

c.   INTEGRATION 

The  knowledge  acquired  in biochemistry  should  help  the students  to  integrate  molecular  events  with  structure   and function of the human body in health and disease. 

(4)  INTRODUCTION TO HUMANITIES & COMMUNITY MEDICINE 

Including Introduction to the subjects of Demography, Health Economics,  Medical  Sociology, Hospital  Management,  Behavioral Sciences inclusive of Psychology. 

OBJECTIVES 

a)   KNOWLEDGE               

     The student shall be able to :                                                 

1.   explain the principles of sociology including demographic population dynamics; 

2.   identify  social factors related to  health,  disease and disability in the context of urban and rural societies; 

3.   appreciate the impact of urbanization on health and disease; 

4.   observe and interpret the dynamics of community behavior; 

5.    describe  the  elements of  normal  psychology  and  social psychology; 

6.    observe the principles of practice of medicine in  hospital and community setting; 

(b).   SKILLS 

     At the end of the course, the student should be able to make use of:

(1) Principles   of  practice  of  medicine  in  hospital and community  settings and familiarization with  elementary  nursing practices. 

(2) Art  of  communication with   patients  including  history taking and medico-social work. 

      Teaching of community medicine, should be both  theoretical as  well  as practical.  The practical aspects  of  the  training programme should include visits to the health establishments  and to  the  community where health intervention  programmes  are  in operation. 

      In  order  to inculcate in the minds of  the  students  the basic  concepts  of community medicine to be introduced  in  this phase  of training, it is suggested that the detailed  curriculum drawn   should   include  at  least  30   hours    of   lectures, demonstrations, seminars etc. together with atleast 15 visits  of two hours each. 

10.   PARA CLINICAL SUBJECTS OF PHASE II

9.1   PATHOLOGY: 

i)    GOAL 

      The broad goal of the teaching of undergraduate student  in Pathology  is  to  provide  the  students  with  a  comprehensive knowledge  of the mechanisms and causes  of disease, in order  to enable  him/her to achieve complete understanding of the  natural history and  clinical manifestations of disease. 

ii)   OBJECTIVES 

a)    KNOWLEDGE      

      At the end of the course, the student should be able to :- 

(1)           describe the structure and ultrastructure of a sick  cell, mechanisms  of   cell degeneration, cell death and repair  and  be able to correlate structural and functional alterations. 

(2)        explain the pathophysiological processes which govern the maintenance  of homeostasis, mechanisms of their disturbance  and the morphological and clinical manifestations associated with it. 

3.    describe the mechanisms and patterns to tissue response to injury  such that  she/he  can appreciate the pathophysiology of disease processes  and their clinical manifestations. 

4.   correlate  normal  and  altered  morphology  (gross and microscopic) of different organ systems in common diseases to the extent  needed for understanding of disease processes  and  their clinical significance. 

b.     SKILLS 

      At the end of the course, the student should be able to:- 

1.    describe  the  rationale  and  principles  of   technical procedures of the diagnostic laboratory  tests and interpretation of the results;

2.    perform the simple bed-side tests on blood, urine and other biological fluid samples; 

3.    draw  a  rational  scheme  of  investigations  aimed  at diagnosing and managing the cases of common disorders; 

4.     understand  biochemical/physiological  disturbances   that occur  as a result of disease in collaboration with pre  clinical departments. 

c.    INTEGRATION 

     At  the end of training he/she should be able  to  integrate the  causes of disease and relationship of different  etiological factors  (social, economic and environmental) that contribute  to the natural history of diseases most prevalent in India. 

9.2   MICROBIOLOGY 

i)    GOAL 

      The broad goal of the teaching of undergraduate students in Microbiology  is  to  provide an  understanding  of  the  natural history of infectious disease in order to deal with the etiology, pathologenesis,  laboratory diagnosis, treatment and  control  of infections in the community. 

ii)    OBJECTIVES 

a.      KNOWLEDGE 

        At the end of the course, the student should be able to: 

1.    state the infective micro-organisms of the human  body  and describe the host parasite relationship. 

2.    list  pathogenic  micro-organisms   (bacteria,   viruses, parasites,  fungi) and describe the pathogenesis of the  diseases produced by them. 

3.     state or indicate the modes of transmission  of  pathogenic and  opportunistic organisms and their sources, including  insect vectors responsible for  transmission of infection. 

4.     describe the mechanisms of immunity to infections. 

5.     acquire  knowledge  on suitable  antimicrobial agents for treatment of infections and scope of immunotherapy and different vaccines available for prevention of communicable diseases. 

6.    apply methods of disinfection and sterilization to  control and prevent hospital and community acquired infections. 

7.     recommend    laboratory     investigations  regarding bacteriological examination of food, water, milk and air. 

(b).  SKILLS 

     At the end of the course, the student should be able to: 

1.    plan  and  interpret  laboratory  investigations  for   the diagnosis  of infectious diseases and to correlate  the  clinical manifestations with the etiological agent. 

2.    identify  the  common infectious agents with  the  help  of laboratory procedures and use antimicrobial sensitivity tests  to select suitable antimicrobial agents. 

3.    perform commonly employed bed-side tests for  detection  of infectious  agents such as blood film for malaria, filaria,  gram staining and AFB staining and stool sample for ova cyst. 

4.   Use the correct method of collection, storage and  transport of clinical material for microbiological investigations. 

c.   INTEGRATION 

     The student  should  understand  infectious  diseases  of national importance in relation to the clinical, therapeutic  and preventive aspects. 

(3)            PHARMACOLOGY 

i)          GOAL: 

     The broad goal of the teaching of undergraduate students  in Pharmacology  is to inculcate a rational and scientific basis  of therapeutics. 

ii) OBJECTIVES 

a.  KNOWLEDGE 

     At the end of the course, the student should be able to: 

1.     describe  the  pharmacokinetics  and  pharmacodynamics   of essential and commonly used drugs. 

2.      list the indications, contraindications,  interactions  and adverse reactions of commonly used drugs. 

3.       indicate the use of appropriate drug in a particular disease with consideration to its cost, efficacy and safety for 

            i)            individual needs.

            ii)           mass therapy under national health program. 

4.    describe the pharmacokinetic basis, clinical  presentation, diagnosis and management of common poisonings. 

5.        list the drugs of addiction and recommend the management. 

6.       classify environmental and occupational pollutants and state the management
          issues.

7.     indicate  causations in prescription of  drugs  in  special medical situations such as pregnancy, lactation, infancy and  old age. 

9.    state the principles underlying the concept  of  'Essential Drugs' 

10.    evaluate  the  ethics  and  modalities  involved  in   the development and introduction of new drugs. 

b.   SKILLS 

     At the end of the course, the student should be able to: 

1.   prescribe drugs for common ailments. 

2.    recognise  adverse reactions and interactions  of  commonly used drugs. 

3.   observe experiments designed for study of effects of  drugs, bioassay and interpretation of the experimental data. 

4.    scan information on common pharmaceutical preparations  and critically evaluate drug formulations. 

c.   INTEGRATION 

     Practical  knowledge  of use of drugs in  clinical  practice will  be  acquired  through  integrated  teaching  with  clinical departments and pre clinical departments. 

(4)            FORENSIC MEDICINE INCLUDING TOXICOLOGY 

i)    GOAL:

     The broad goal of the teaching of undergraduate students  in Forensic Medicine is to produce a physician who is well  informed about  medicolegal  responsibilities  in  practice  of  medicine. He/She will also be capable of making observations and  inferring conclusions  by logical deductions to set enquiries on the  right track  in  criminal matters and connected  medicolegal  problems. He/She acquires knowledge of law in relation to medical practice, medical negligence and respect for codes of medical ethics. 

ii)  OBJECTIVES 

a.  KNOWLEDGE 

     At the end of the course, the student should be able to: 

1.     identify  the  basic medicolegal aspects  of  hospital  and general practice. 

2.     define  the  medicolegal  responsibilities  of  a   general physician  while  rendering community service either in  a  rural primary health centre or an urban health centre. 

3.    appreciate  the physician's  responsibilities  in  criminal matters and respect for the codes of medical ethics. 

4.    diagnose, manage and identify also legal aspects of  common acute and chronic poisonings. 

5.   describe the medicolegal aspects and findings of post-mortem examination in case of death due to common unnatural conditions & poisonings. 

6.   detect occupational and environmental poisoning,  prevention and  epidemiology  of common poisoning and  their  legal  aspects particularly pertaining to Workmen's Compensation Act. 

7.   describe the general principles of analytical toxicology. 

b)   SKILLS 

     At the end of the course, the student should be able to :- 

1.    make  observations  and  logical  inferences  in  order  to initiate enquiries in criminal matters and medicolegal problems. 

2.    diagnose  and  treat common emergencies  in  poisoning  and manage chronic toxicity. 

3.    make  observations and interpret  findings  at  postmortem examination. 

4.   observe the principles of medical ethics in the practise  of his profession. 

(c)  INTEGRATION    

     Department  shall  provide an  integrated  approach  towards allied disciplines like Pathology, Radiology, Forensic  Sciences, Hospital   Administration  etc.  to  impart  training   regarding medicolegal  responsibilities  of  physicians at  all  levels  of health care.  Integration with relevant disciplines will  provide scientific   basis   of  clinical   toxicology   e.g.   medicine, pharmacology etc. 

(5) COMMUNITY MEDICINE 

i)   GOAL   : 

     The broad goal of the teaching of undergraduate students  in Community  Medicine is to prepare them to function  as  community and  first level physicians in accordance with the  institutional goals. 

ii)  OBJECTIVES     

a)   KNOWLEDGE 

     At the end of the course, the student should be able to :- 

(1)   describe  the  health  care  delivery   system   including rehabilitation of the disabled in the country; 

(2)  describe  the National Health  Programmes  with  particular emphasis on maternal and child health programmes, family  welfare planning and population control. 

(3)  list epidemiological methods and describe their  application to  communicable and non-communicable  diseases in the  community or hospital situation. 

(4)  apply biostatistical methods and techniques; 

(5)   outline  the  demographic  pattern  of  the  country   and appreciate  the  roles of the individual, family,  community  and socio-cultural milieu in health and disease. 

(6)   describe the health information systems. 

(7)    enunciate the principles and components of  primary  health care  and  the  national health policies to achieve  the  goal  of 'Health for All'. 

(8)    identify  the environmental and  occupational  hazards  and their control. 

(9)   describe  the importance of water and sanitation  in  human health. 

(10)  to  understand the principles of health  economics,  health administration,  health education in relation to community. 

b)   SKILLS 

     At the end of the course, the student should be able to :- 

(1)  use  epidemiology  as a scientific tool  to  make  rational decisions   relevant     to  community   and   individual   patient intervention. 

(2)  collect, analyse, interpret and present simple community and hospital based data. 

(3)  diagnose and manage common health problems and  emergencies at  the individual, family and community levels keeping  in  mind the  existing  health care resources and in the  context  of  the prevailing socio-cultural beliefs. 

(4).  diagnose and manage maternal and child health problems  and advise a couple and the community on the family planning  methods available in the context of the national priorities. 

(5)  diagnose  and  manage common nutritional  problems  at  the individual and community level. 

(6)  plan, implement and evaluate a health  education  programme with the skill to use simple audio-visual aids. 

(7)  interact  with other members of the health  care  team  and participate  in  the organisation of health  care  services  and implementations of national health programmes. 

c).   INTEGRATION:

      Develop  capabilities of synthesis between cause of  illness in the environment or community and individual health and respond with leadership qualities to institute remedial measures for this. 

11.    CLINICAL SUBJECTS OF PHASE II & PHASE III 

            The  teaching  and  training  in  clinical  subjects   will commence  at the beginning of Phase II and  continue  throughout